@article{10.11648/j.jdmp.20180402.12,
  author = {Ibrahim Elshahawy and Nehal Saied and Farid Abd El Kareem and Ahmed Morsy and Mahmoud Hozien},
  title = {Effect of Inoculum Density of Stromatinia cepivora on the Ability of Sclerotial Mycoparasites to Suppress White Rot in Garlic},
  journal = {Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {48-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jdmp.20180402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20180402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jdmp.20180402.12},
  abstract = {White rot, an garlic disease caused by the soil-borne fungus S. cepivora, is a serious problem of garlic productions in Egypt. This study examines the potential of controlling the disease biologically by using three sclerotial mycoparasites i.e., Chaetomium globosum (Chg6), Clonostachys rosea (Cr12) and Penicillium oxalicum (Po9) employed either alone or in combinations. In in vitro assays, these sclerotial mycoparasites showed high antagonistic effect against S. cepivora isolate (Sc8). In greenhouse experiments, the chemical treatment of tebuconazole was the most effective, with the lowest incidence of white rot in garlic compared to the control. Sclerotial mycoparasites either alone or in combinations significantly reduced the incidence of white rot in garlic. In general, dual and triple combinations of the sclerotial mycoparasites were more effective than these isolates used individually. In field experiments, under low (40 sclerotia/kg of soil) and high (600 sclerotia/kg of soil) inoculum levels, the standard fungicide programme gave statistically significant white rot control, decreasing disease incidence by 67.7 & 32.4% in 2016/2017 season and 72.6 & 31.1 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively. Under low inoculum levels, significant control, equal to the fungicide treatment, was achieved with the triple combination of three sclerotial mycoparasites. However, no sclerotial mycoparasites employed alone give significant control of garlic white rot under high inoculum levels. The triple combination of three sclerotial mycoparasites decreasing disease incidence by 70.8 & 25.9 % in 2016/2017 season and 73.7 &27.6 % in 2017/2018 season, under low and high inoculum levels, respectively. The activities of defense enzymes, i.e. peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and chitinase due to application of sclerotial mycoparasites were enhanced in garlic plants either grown under low or high inoculum levels. Reduction of white rot disease incidence was accompanied by increasing growth parameters and bulbs yield of garlic plants grown under field conditions. These results concluded that the performance of sclerotial mycoparasites may be influenced as much by the absolute disease pressure. At the low disease pressure site, the low level of S. cepivora inoculum enabled sclerotial mycoparasites to bring about disease control.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Inoculum Density of Stromatinia cepivora on the Ability of Sclerotial Mycoparasites to Suppress White Rot in Garlic
AU  - Ibrahim Elshahawy
AU  - Nehal Saied
AU  - Farid Abd El Kareem
AU  - Ahmed Morsy
AU  - Mahmoud Hozien
Y1  - 2018/05/29
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20180402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jdmp.20180402.12
T2  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
JF  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
JO  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
SP  - 48
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8210
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20180402.12
AB  - White rot, an garlic disease caused by the soil-borne fungus S. cepivora, is a serious problem of garlic productions in Egypt. This study examines the potential of controlling the disease biologically by using three sclerotial mycoparasites i.e., Chaetomium globosum (Chg6), Clonostachys rosea (Cr12) and Penicillium oxalicum (Po9) employed either alone or in combinations. In in vitro assays, these sclerotial mycoparasites showed high antagonistic effect against S. cepivora isolate (Sc8). In greenhouse experiments, the chemical treatment of tebuconazole was the most effective, with the lowest incidence of white rot in garlic compared to the control. Sclerotial mycoparasites either alone or in combinations significantly reduced the incidence of white rot in garlic. In general, dual and triple combinations of the sclerotial mycoparasites were more effective than these isolates used individually. In field experiments, under low (40 sclerotia/kg of soil) and high (600 sclerotia/kg of soil) inoculum levels, the standard fungicide programme gave statistically significant white rot control, decreasing disease incidence by 67.7 & 32.4% in 2016/2017 season and 72.6 & 31.1 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively. Under low inoculum levels, significant control, equal to the fungicide treatment, was achieved with the triple combination of three sclerotial mycoparasites. However, no sclerotial mycoparasites employed alone give significant control of garlic white rot under high inoculum levels. The triple combination of three sclerotial mycoparasites decreasing disease incidence by 70.8 & 25.9 % in 2016/2017 season and 73.7 &27.6 % in 2017/2018 season, under low and high inoculum levels, respectively. The activities of defense enzymes, i.e. peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and chitinase due to application of sclerotial mycoparasites were enhanced in garlic plants either grown under low or high inoculum levels. Reduction of white rot disease incidence was accompanied by increasing growth parameters and bulbs yield of garlic plants grown under field conditions. These results concluded that the performance of sclerotial mycoparasites may be influenced as much by the absolute disease pressure. At the low disease pressure site, the low level of S. cepivora inoculum enabled sclerotial mycoparasites to bring about disease control.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  - 

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