Human activities are causing wetland degradation. Macrophytes play an important role in the management of hydrosystems. They can therefore be used to restore a polluted environment. The aim of the study is to contribute to the phytorestoration of sewage sludge in nitrates, phosphates, cadmium, iron and lead from the Mangrove landfill of "Bois des singes" by planted filters of Pennisetum purpureum. A planted filter of P. purpureum was constructed. Sewages sludges samples were introduced into the device. Nitrates (NO3), phosphates (PO4), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) assays were carried out in water and plants at different levels of the filter (Settling basin B1, basin B2, basin B3, negative control and positive control) by absorption spectrophotometry flame atomic. The bioaccumulation and translocation factors as well as the bioaccumulation coefficient have been determined. The high contents of PO4 (4000 mg/l), NO3 (89 mg/l), Fe (5000 mg/l), Pb (20 mg/l) and Cd (0.08 mg/l) are greatly reduced by the filters at values below the tolerance threshold in B3 of 0.01 mg/l, 0.14 mg/l, 0.0002 mg/l, 0.0003 mg/l and 0.0003 mg/l respectively. The bioaccumulation factor shows that P. purpureum contained in barrels where the parameters are high is lead accumulator with a value of 1.305 (B2), hyperaccumulator of Fe and Cd with values of 10.05 (B2) and 13, 23 (B3). The leaf translocation is greater than 1 with Fe and Pb in the leaves of the boles. P. purpureum transfers Fe and Pb to the leaves. The planted filter of P. purpureum allows a restoration of this sewage sludge. This macrophyte extracts NO3, PO4, Cd, Fe and Pb and accumulates them in its vegetative system. P. purpureum cant be use to to restore the environment stressed by faecal sludge in the city of Douala.
| Published in | International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 9, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13 |
| Page(s) | 33-39 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Macrophytes, Phytorestoration, Faecal Sludge
| [1] | Morel., J. 2007. Water resources on earth origin, use and prospects in the context of Climate Change. Economics of production and international integration, Cameroon. |
| [2] | Kone, D. 2002. Purification of wastewater by microphyte and macrophyte lagooning in West and Central Africa: inventory, purification performance and sizing criteria. DEA in environmental sciences. |
| [3] | Comeau, Y., Brisson, J., and Chazarenc, F. 2006. Treatment of fish sludge by artificial marsh and dephosphatizing filter bed. Continental Aquaculture Research and Development Corporation, INC. |
| [4] | Rejsek, F. 2002. Water analysis regulatory and technical aspects. CRDP, Aquitaine. Paris. |
| [5] | Grosclaude, G., 1999. Water, volume 1: Natural environment and volume 2: Uses and pollutants. Versailles, National Institute of Agronomic Research. |
| [6] | Fonkou, T., Fonteh, M., F., Djousse, K., M., and Amougou, A., 2010. Performances of vegetated beds with Echinochloa pyramidalis in the purification of wastewater from distillery in subsaharan Africa. Tropicultura, 28 (2): 69-76. |
| [7] | Onguene, R. 2014. Multiscale modeling of ocean circulation in Central Africa, and the abyssal plain at the Cameroon estuary. Doctorate/Ph. D in Physics, UT3 Paul Sabatier, Cotutelle international with the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I. |
| [8] | Ba’ana, E., L., Ndjouondo, G., P., Nwamo, R., D., Fankem, H., and Dibong, S., D. 2017. Evaluation of the contents of some chemical parameters on the nutritional quality of Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) and Zea mays (corn) grown in the wetlands of Kambo and Longmayagui rivers (Douala). International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 33 (1), 56-69. |
| [9] | Ma, L., Q., Komar, K., M., Tu, C., Zhang, W., Cai, Y., and Kenelly, E., D. 2001. A Fern that hyper-accumulates arsenic. Nature, 409, 579-582. |
| [10] | Sekabira, K., H., Oryem-Origa, H., Mutumba, G., Kakudidi, E., and Basamba, T., A. 2011. Heavy metal phytoremediation by Commelina benghalensis (L) and Cynodon dactylon (L) growing in Urban stream sediments. International Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 3 (8), 133-142. |
| [11] | Jora. 1993. Algerian environmental standards for discharges of industrial liquid effluents, Ministry of the Environment. |
| [12] | Bachi, O., E. 2010. Diagnosis on the valuation of some plants from the sewage treatment plant of the old Kasar de Temacine station. Master thesis in Saharan Agronomy. Kasdi Merbah Ouargla University. |
| [13] | Smith, R. (1987) Analysis and interpretation of water-quality trends in major U.S. rivers, 1974-81. USGS paper Washington. |
| [14] | Slimani, R. 2006. Contribution to the evaluation of environmental pollution indicators in the Ouargla region: case of waste water (agricultural and urban). Master thesis, Ouargla University. |
| [15] | Eva, R., Catherine, B., Philippe, R., and Alain, H., C. 2011. Wastewater treatment by filters planted with vertical flow reeds (FPRv). Environmental Technologies and Pollution Action ACV Model Action. |
| [16] | Iwema, A., Raby, D., Lesavre, J., Boutin, C., Dodane, P., Liènard, A., Molle, P., Beck, C., Sadowski, G., Merlin, Dap, S., Ohresser, C., Poulet, J., Reeb, G., Werckmann, M., and Esser, D. 2005. Purification of wastewater by filters planted with macrophyte: technical recommendations for design and construction. Water agency: RM & C. |
| [17] | Ramsar, 2013. The Ramsar Convention Manual. Ramsar, Iran. |
| [18] | Dekhil, S. W., and Zaibet, M. 2013. Treatment of urban wastewater by activated sludge in the town of Bordj Bou Arreridj carried out by the ONA wastewater treatment plant. Master thesis, Mohamed EL Bachir Elibrahimi-Bordj Bou Arreridj University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering. |
| [19] | Dosnon-Olette, R. 2009. Phytoremediation of water contaminated by pesticides: tolerance and elimination capacity by aquatic plants. Doctoral thesis, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne. |
| [20] | Assadian, N., W., Esparza, L., C, Fenn, L., B., Ali, A., S., Miyamoto, S., Figueroa, U., V., and Warrick, A., W. 1998. Spatial variability of heavy metals in irrigated alfalfa fields in the upper Rio Grande River Basin, Agric. Water Manage, 36, 141-156. |
| [21] | Vila, M. 2006. Use of agronomic and lacustrine plants in the depollution of soils contaminated by RDX and TNT: laboratory approaches. Doctoral Thesis, Doctoral School: Transfer, Fluid Dynamics, Energetics and Processes, Department of Agroresources Science. |
| [22] | Yagnye, E. 2018. Phytorestoration of water polluted with heavy metals from domestic and industrial waste in the city of Douala. Master II dissertation in Biology and Physiology of Plant Organisms, University of Douala. |
| [23] | Almeida, C., M., Mucha, A., P., and Teresa, V., M. 2011. Role of different salt marsh plants on metal retention in an urban estuary (Lima estuary, NW Portugal). Estuar Coast Shelf Sci., 91 (2), 243-249. |
| [24] | Sasmaz, A., Obek, E., and Hasar, H. 2008. The accumulation of heavy metals in Typha latifolia L. grown in a stream carrying secondary effluent. Ecol Eng., 33 (3-4), 278-284. |
| [25] | Deng, H., Ye, Z., H., and Wong, M., H. 2004. Accumulation of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium by 12 wetland plant species thriving in metal-contaminated sites in China. Environmental Pollution, 132 (1), 29-40. |
APA Style
Promesse-ssie Mpahmadje Yves, Ndjouondo Gildas Parfait, Noukeu Nkouakam Armelle, Dibong Siegfried Didier, Ndongo Din, et al. (2021). Phytorestoration of Sewage Sludge from the Mangrove Landfill of «Bois des Singes» by Planted Filters of Pennisetum purpureum (Douala, Cameroon). International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 9(2), 33-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13
ACS Style
Promesse-ssie Mpahmadje Yves; Ndjouondo Gildas Parfait; Noukeu Nkouakam Armelle; Dibong Siegfried Didier; Ndongo Din, et al. Phytorestoration of Sewage Sludge from the Mangrove Landfill of «Bois des Singes» by Planted Filters of Pennisetum purpureum (Douala, Cameroon). Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2021, 9(2), 33-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13
AMA Style
Promesse-ssie Mpahmadje Yves, Ndjouondo Gildas Parfait, Noukeu Nkouakam Armelle, Dibong Siegfried Didier, Ndongo Din, et al. Phytorestoration of Sewage Sludge from the Mangrove Landfill of «Bois des Singes» by Planted Filters of Pennisetum purpureum (Douala, Cameroon). Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2021;9(2):33-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13,
author = {Promesse-ssie Mpahmadje Yves and Ndjouondo Gildas Parfait and Noukeu Nkouakam Armelle and Dibong Siegfried Didier and Ndongo Din and Priso Richard Jules},
title = {Phytorestoration of Sewage Sludge from the Mangrove Landfill of «Bois des Singes» by Planted Filters of Pennisetum purpureum (Douala, Cameroon)},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {33-39},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20210902.13},
abstract = {Human activities are causing wetland degradation. Macrophytes play an important role in the management of hydrosystems. They can therefore be used to restore a polluted environment. The aim of the study is to contribute to the phytorestoration of sewage sludge in nitrates, phosphates, cadmium, iron and lead from the Mangrove landfill of "Bois des singes" by planted filters of Pennisetum purpureum. A planted filter of P. purpureum was constructed. Sewages sludges samples were introduced into the device. Nitrates (NO3), phosphates (PO4), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) assays were carried out in water and plants at different levels of the filter (Settling basin B1, basin B2, basin B3, negative control and positive control) by absorption spectrophotometry flame atomic. The bioaccumulation and translocation factors as well as the bioaccumulation coefficient have been determined. The high contents of PO4 (4000 mg/l), NO3 (89 mg/l), Fe (5000 mg/l), Pb (20 mg/l) and Cd (0.08 mg/l) are greatly reduced by the filters at values below the tolerance threshold in B3 of 0.01 mg/l, 0.14 mg/l, 0.0002 mg/l, 0.0003 mg/l and 0.0003 mg/l respectively. The bioaccumulation factor shows that P. purpureum contained in barrels where the parameters are high is lead accumulator with a value of 1.305 (B2), hyperaccumulator of Fe and Cd with values of 10.05 (B2) and 13, 23 (B3). The leaf translocation is greater than 1 with Fe and Pb in the leaves of the boles. P. purpureum transfers Fe and Pb to the leaves. The planted filter of P. purpureum allows a restoration of this sewage sludge. This macrophyte extracts NO3, PO4, Cd, Fe and Pb and accumulates them in its vegetative system. P. purpureum cant be use to to restore the environment stressed by faecal sludge in the city of Douala.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Phytorestoration of Sewage Sludge from the Mangrove Landfill of «Bois des Singes» by Planted Filters of Pennisetum purpureum (Douala, Cameroon) AU - Promesse-ssie Mpahmadje Yves AU - Ndjouondo Gildas Parfait AU - Noukeu Nkouakam Armelle AU - Dibong Siegfried Didier AU - Ndongo Din AU - Priso Richard Jules Y1 - 2021/04/13 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13 DO - 10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13 T2 - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy JF - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy JO - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy SP - 33 EP - 39 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-7536 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20210902.13 AB - Human activities are causing wetland degradation. Macrophytes play an important role in the management of hydrosystems. They can therefore be used to restore a polluted environment. The aim of the study is to contribute to the phytorestoration of sewage sludge in nitrates, phosphates, cadmium, iron and lead from the Mangrove landfill of "Bois des singes" by planted filters of Pennisetum purpureum. A planted filter of P. purpureum was constructed. Sewages sludges samples were introduced into the device. Nitrates (NO3), phosphates (PO4), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) assays were carried out in water and plants at different levels of the filter (Settling basin B1, basin B2, basin B3, negative control and positive control) by absorption spectrophotometry flame atomic. The bioaccumulation and translocation factors as well as the bioaccumulation coefficient have been determined. The high contents of PO4 (4000 mg/l), NO3 (89 mg/l), Fe (5000 mg/l), Pb (20 mg/l) and Cd (0.08 mg/l) are greatly reduced by the filters at values below the tolerance threshold in B3 of 0.01 mg/l, 0.14 mg/l, 0.0002 mg/l, 0.0003 mg/l and 0.0003 mg/l respectively. The bioaccumulation factor shows that P. purpureum contained in barrels where the parameters are high is lead accumulator with a value of 1.305 (B2), hyperaccumulator of Fe and Cd with values of 10.05 (B2) and 13, 23 (B3). The leaf translocation is greater than 1 with Fe and Pb in the leaves of the boles. P. purpureum transfers Fe and Pb to the leaves. The planted filter of P. purpureum allows a restoration of this sewage sludge. This macrophyte extracts NO3, PO4, Cd, Fe and Pb and accumulates them in its vegetative system. P. purpureum cant be use to to restore the environment stressed by faecal sludge in the city of Douala. VL - 9 IS - 2 ER -
Email: