Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Mahirta; Farida Yulita Putri Yuani; Raisa Deborah

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, Endang Tri Wahyuni, Mahirta, Farida Yulita Putri Yuani, Raisa Deborah

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 5)

Received: 15 October 2014 Accepted: 21 October 2014 Published: 30 October 2014

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Abstract

The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
Page(s)	85-90
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chemical, Dissolution, Conservation, Archaeological, Ceramic

References

[1]	Smith, H.D. and Couper, A.D., The management of Underwater Cultural Heritage”, J. Archaeolog. Sci, 2003, 4, 25-33.
[2]	Hall, K., Conservation of Marine Finds. Practical Guides for Archaeological Conservation and Site Preservation nb. 20, Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology, 2002
[3]	Mustaćek, M, Causes of the Decay of Archaeological Material, International Centre for Underwather Archaeology in Zadar, Zadar, 2011.
[4]	Ćurković, M., Ceramic, Stone and Glass Archaeological Material, International Centre for Underwather Archaeology in Zadar, Zadar, 2011.
[5]	Luka, B., Ćurković, M., Jelić A., Jozić A., Mustaček M., Perin T., and Pešić M., Conservation of Underwater Archeological Finds Manual, International Centre for Underwater Archaeology in Zadar, Zadar, 2011.
[6]	Skoog,D.A., West, D.M., and Holler, F.J., Analytical Chemistry : An Introduction, 6th ed., Saunders College Publlishing , Tokyo, 1986.
[7]	Cotton, F.E., Wilkinson, G., and Gaus, P.L., Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986.
[8]	Kasnowiharjo, G., Experimental Cleaning on Ceramics Results of Underwater Archaeological Excavation, Majalah Arkeologi Indonesia, 2011.
[9]	Stumm, W., and Morgan, J.J., Aquatic Chemistry: An Introduction Emphasizing Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters, John Wiley and Sonc Inc., New York, 1981.

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APA Style

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, Endang Tri Wahyuni, Mahirta, Farida Yulita Putri Yuani, Raisa Deborah. (2014). Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2(5), 85-90. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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ACS Style

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Mahirta; Farida Yulita Putri Yuani; Raisa Deborah. Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2014, 2(5), 85-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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AMA Style

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, Endang Tri Wahyuni, Mahirta, Farida Yulita Putri Yuani, Raisa Deborah. Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. Am J Appl Chem. 2014;2(5):85-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14,
  author = {Nurul Hidayat Aprilita and Endang Tri Wahyuni and Mahirta and Farida Yulita Putri Yuani and Raisa Deborah},
  title = {Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {85-90},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20140205.14},
  abstract = {The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics
AU  - Nurul Hidayat Aprilita
AU  - Endang Tri Wahyuni
AU  - Mahirta
AU  - Farida Yulita Putri Yuani
AU  - Raisa Deborah
Y1  - 2014/10/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 85
EP  - 90
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
AB  - The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita

Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
Endang Tri Wahyuni

Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
Mahirta

Archaeology Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Nusantara Street 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
Farida Yulita Putri Yuani

Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
Raisa Deborah

Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

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APA Style

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, Endang Tri Wahyuni, Mahirta, Farida Yulita Putri Yuani, Raisa Deborah. (2014). Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2(5), 85-90. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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ACS Style

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Mahirta; Farida Yulita Putri Yuani; Raisa Deborah. Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2014, 2(5), 85-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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AMA Style

Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, Endang Tri Wahyuni, Mahirta, Farida Yulita Putri Yuani, Raisa Deborah. Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. Am J Appl Chem. 2014;2(5):85-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14,
  author = {Nurul Hidayat Aprilita and Endang Tri Wahyuni and Mahirta and Farida Yulita Putri Yuani and Raisa Deborah},
  title = {Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {85-90},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20140205.14},
  abstract = {The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics
AU  - Nurul Hidayat Aprilita
AU  - Endang Tri Wahyuni
AU  - Mahirta
AU  - Farida Yulita Putri Yuani
AU  - Raisa Deborah
Y1  - 2014/10/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 85
EP  - 90
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
AB  - The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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