Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma; Gimba Casmir Emmanuel; Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13

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Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Gimba Casmir Emmanuel, Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 5)

Received: 26 September 2014 Accepted: 9 October 2014 Published: 20 October 2014

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Abstract

This research employed the technique of melt blending to successfully blend commercial polystyrene (PS) with purified cashew gum (PCG) and induce biodegradation on the resulting polymer blend. Water sorption tests on the resulting polymer blends were investigated according to ASTM D0570 standard. Also tensile, hardness and charpy impact tests were conducted according to ASTM D3039, ASTM D2240-89 and ASTM 370 standards respectively. There was an observed increase in density with increase in PCG composition. The maximum density recorded was 0.996gcm^(-3). The water sorption analysis show that DS (degree of swelling) and WL (weight loss) increase with PCG concentration to a maximum value of 100% recorded for the sample 20%PS/80%PCG. The tensile test results indicate a general decrease in Young’s modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increase in the percentage of PCG. Also hardness test results based on the Rockwell F – scale indicate an improvement in mechanical strength with increase in PCG composition. The sample with composition 30%PS/70%PCG has the highest hardness value of 69.1 HRF. While the results of charpy impact test indicate a general decrease in impact strength as the concentration of PCG in PS increases with a minimum value of 2272.72Jm^(-2) for the composition 20%PS/80%PCG.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13
Page(s)	80-84
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Polystyrene, Purified Cashew Gum, Blended Samples, Sample Composition

References

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[2]	A. I. Buthaina and M.K. Karrer, “Influence of Polymer Blending on Mechanical and Thermal Properties, ” Journal of Modern Applied Science, vol. 4(9), pp. 157-161, 2010.
[3]	S. Cimmino, E. Di Pace, E. Martuscelli and C. Selvestre, “Syndiotactic Polystyrene, Crystallization and Melting Behavior,” Polymer, vol. 32, pp. 1080, 1991.
[4]	W. Ezeagu, “Assessment of the situation and development prospects for cashew nut sector,” A report, Nigerian Export Promotion Council, Abuja, Nigeria. Available online at www.unctad.org, 2002.
[5]	K. E. George, J. Rani, and D. J. Francis, “Studies on NBR/PVC Blends,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science , vol. 32, pp. 2867-2873, 1986.
[6]	E. Gyedu- Akoto, I. Oduro, F. M. Amoah, J. H. Oldham, W. O. Ellis, K. F. Opoku-Ameyaw, and B. H. Rasheed, “Physico-Chemical Properties of Cashew Tree Gum,” African Journal of Food Science, vol. 2, pp. 060-064, 2008.
[7]	K. Kaniappan, and S. Latha, “Certain Investigations on the Formulation and Characterization of Polystyrene / Poly(methyl methacrylate) Blends,” International Journal of ChemTech Research,vol. 3(2), pp. 708-717, 2011.
[8]	R. Kumar, M. B. Patil, S. R. Patil, and M. S. Paschapur, “Evaluation of Anacardium occidentale gum as gelling agent in aceclofenac gel,” International Journal of PharmTech Research, vol. 1 (3), pp. 695 – 704, 2009.
[9]	A. D. McNaught, and A. Wilkinson, “IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the “Gold Book”), 2nd ed., Blackwell Science, Oxford, 1997,”
[10]	G. Scott and D. Gillead, “Degradable Polymers,” Chapman & Hall, London, 1995.
[11]	F. C. Stelling, T. Huff, C. S. Speed and G. Wissler, “Structure and Properties of Rubber-Modified Polypropylene Impact Blends,” Poly. Eng. Sci., vol. 26, pp. 2693, 1981.
[12]	V. Wantinee, L. L. Richard and J. Jayant, “Impact Resistance of Selected Immiscible Polymer Blends,” Society of Plastics Engineers [SPE] Annual Technical Conference Proceedings Cincinnati, OH May, 2007.
[13]	S. M. Zebarjad, A. Lazzeri, R. Begheri, S.M. S. Rehemi and M. Frounchi, “Fracture Mechanism Under Dynamic Loading of Elastomer-Modified Polypropylene,” Materials Letter, vol. 57, pp. 2733-2741, 2003.

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APA Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Gimba Casmir Emmanuel, Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo. (2014). Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2(5), 80-84. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13

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ACS Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma; Gimba Casmir Emmanuel; Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo. Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2014, 2(5), 80-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13

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AMA Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Gimba Casmir Emmanuel, Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo. Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends. Am J Appl Chem. 2014;2(5):80-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13,
  author = {Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma and Gimba Casmir Emmanuel and Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo},
  title = {Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {80-84},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20140205.13},
  abstract = {This research employed the technique of melt blending to successfully blend commercial polystyrene (PS) with purified cashew gum (PCG) and induce biodegradation on the resulting polymer blend. Water sorption tests on the resulting polymer blends were investigated according to ASTM D0570 standard. Also tensile, hardness and charpy impact tests were conducted according to ASTM D3039, ASTM D2240-89 and ASTM 370 standards respectively. There was an observed increase in density with increase in PCG composition. The maximum density recorded was 0.996gcm^(-3). The water sorption analysis show that DS (degree of swelling) and WL (weight loss) increase with PCG concentration to a maximum value of 100% recorded for the sample 20%PS/80%PCG. The tensile test results indicate a general decrease in Young’s modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increase in the percentage of PCG. Also hardness test results based on the Rockwell F – scale indicate an improvement in mechanical strength with increase in PCG composition. The sample with composition 30%PS/70%PCG has the highest hardness value of 69.1 HRF. While the results of charpy impact test indicate a general decrease in impact strength as the concentration of PCG in PS increases with a minimum value of 2272.72Jm^(-2) for the composition 20%PS/80%PCG.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends
AU - Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma
AU - Gimba Casmir Emmanuel
AU - Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo
Y1 - 2014/10/20
PY - 2014
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13
DO - 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13
T2 - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP - 80
EP - 84
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-8745
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13
AB - This research employed the technique of melt blending to successfully blend commercial polystyrene (PS) with purified cashew gum (PCG) and induce biodegradation on the resulting polymer blend. Water sorption tests on the resulting polymer blends were investigated according to ASTM D0570 standard. Also tensile, hardness and charpy impact tests were conducted according to ASTM D3039, ASTM D2240-89 and ASTM 370 standards respectively. There was an observed increase in density with increase in PCG composition. The maximum density recorded was 0.996gcm^(-3). The water sorption analysis show that DS (degree of swelling) and WL (weight loss) increase with PCG concentration to a maximum value of 100% recorded for the sample 20%PS/80%PCG. The tensile test results indicate a general decrease in Young’s modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increase in the percentage of PCG. Also hardness test results based on the Rockwell F – scale indicate an improvement in mechanical strength with increase in PCG composition. The sample with composition 30%PS/70%PCG has the highest hardness value of 69.1 HRF. While the results of charpy impact test indicate a general decrease in impact strength as the concentration of PCG in PS increases with a minimum value of 2272.72Jm^(-2) for the composition 20%PS/80%PCG.
VL - 2
IS - 5
ER -

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Author Information

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma

Department of Applied Chemistry, Federal University, Dutsinma, Katsina State, Nigeria
Gimba Casmir Emmanuel

Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo

Department of Industrial Chemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria

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APA Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Gimba Casmir Emmanuel, Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo. (2014). Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2(5), 80-84. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13

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ACS Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma; Gimba Casmir Emmanuel; Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo. Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2014, 2(5), 80-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13

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AMA Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Gimba Casmir Emmanuel, Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo. Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends. Am J Appl Chem. 2014;2(5):80-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13,
  author = {Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma and Gimba Casmir Emmanuel and Kolawole Emmanuel Gbadebo},
  title = {Investigation of Sorption and Mechanical Properties of Anacardium Occidentale L. Exudate/Polystyrene Blends},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {80-84},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20140205.13},
  abstract = {This research employed the technique of melt blending to successfully blend commercial polystyrene (PS) with purified cashew gum (PCG) and induce biodegradation on the resulting polymer blend. Water sorption tests on the resulting polymer blends were investigated according to ASTM D0570 standard. Also tensile, hardness and charpy impact tests were conducted according to ASTM D3039, ASTM D2240-89 and ASTM 370 standards respectively. There was an observed increase in density with increase in PCG composition. The maximum density recorded was 0.996gcm^(-3). The water sorption analysis show that DS (degree of swelling) and WL (weight loss) increase with PCG concentration to a maximum value of 100% recorded for the sample 20%PS/80%PCG. The tensile test results indicate a general decrease in Young’s modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increase in the percentage of PCG. Also hardness test results based on the Rockwell F – scale indicate an improvement in mechanical strength with increase in PCG composition. The sample with composition 30%PS/70%PCG has the highest hardness value of 69.1 HRF. While the results of charpy impact test indicate a general decrease in impact strength as the concentration of PCG in PS increases with a minimum value of 2272.72Jm^(-2) for the composition 20%PS/80%PCG.},
 year = {2014}
}

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